Colonoscopy
Colonoscopy is an endoscopic diagnostic procedure used to examine the large intestine (colon) and rectum. This is done using a flexible tube with a camera and light at the end, called a colonoscope. Colonoscopy is used to diagnose and sometimes treat abnormalities, diseases or lesions in the colon and rectum.
Colorectal Cancer Screening:
Colonoscopy is one of the most effective methods for early detection of colon and rectal cancer. It is performed for regular screening, especially in individuals over the age of 50.
Detection and Removal of Polyps:
Small, usually benign growths called polyps can be found in the colon or rectum. These polyps can be detected and removed during colonoscopy, as they may carry the risk of developing into cancer over time.
Diagnosis of bowel diseases:
Colonoscopy can be used to diagnose and monitor inflammatory bowel diseases such as Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis.
Unexplained abdominal pain, bleeding or change in bowel habits:
Colonoscopy can be performed to examine conditions in the colon and rectum that may cause bleeding, chronic constipation, diarrhea or abdominal pain.
Unexplained Weight Loss:
A colonoscopy may be needed to investigate the underlying causes of unexplained weight loss.
Diverticulosis and Diverticulitis:
Diagnosis and follow-up of small sacs (diverticula) in the colon wall and inflammation of these sacs.
Preparation: Before the colonoscopy, the intestines must be completely empty. Therefore, a low-fiber diet is used a few days before the procedure and laxatives are used before the procedure.
Procedure: The patient is relaxed under sedation. The colonoscope is inserted through the rectum and advanced along the large intestine and the doctor examines the lining of the colon. If polyps or abnormal tissues are detected, they can be biopsied or removed.
Duration: The procedure usually takes between 30 minutes and 1 hour.
After the procedure: A short rest period is required after the procedure and the patient can usually return home the same day.
Individuals over 50 years of age: Routine colonoscopy is recommended for colorectal cancer screening.
Family history of colorectal cancer: People with a family history of colon or rectal cancer should have a colonoscopy at an earlier age for screening.
People who experience sudden changes in bowel movements: Chronic constipation, diarrhea or blood in the stool.
Complaints of abdominal pain, weight loss or persistent fatigue: These symptoms may indicate problems with the colon.
